Tim Bates

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    Although the Community Reinvestment Act has improved loan availability among small businesses run by minorities, equality with equally creditworthy white-owned firms remains elusive.

Although the Community Reinvestment Act has improved loan availability among small businesses run by minorities, equality with equally creditworthy white-owned firms remains elusive.

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In 1977 the Federal Government introduced the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), which requires banks to provide credit in low-income areas, which often include minority neighborhoods. Using data on small businesses seeking bank loans, Timothy Bates and Alicia Robb find that banks were using inconsistent standards to evaluate the loan applications of black and Latino small businesses. In minority neighborhoods […]

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    Small businesses run by immigrants in minority neighborhoods make less profit and have a greater risk of failure.

Small businesses run by immigrants in minority neighborhoods make less profit and have a greater risk of failure.

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Recent immigrants often face barriers to making a living, be it through their limited English or even racial prejudice. Many respond by setting up their own businesses, often in minority neighborhoods. Using data on nearly 5,000 firms from the early 1990s, Tim Bates and Alicia Robb find that while setting up businesses in minority neighborhoods can be attractive for immigrants […]

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